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Dried
Marijuana
Leaves,
Seeds,
Cigarettes (Joints) |
|
Dried
Marijuana
Flower (Bud) |
Marijuana
Smoking Pipes |
Hashish
and
Hashish Oil |
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|
| Synonyms:
Cannabis Sativa, Hemp |
|
| Drug Class:
Antiemetic, Appetite
Stimulant, Cannabinoid, Hallucinogen |
|
| Street Names:
420, Buds, Chronic, Dope, Ganja, Grass, Green, Herb, Kryptonite,
Pot, Reefer, Sinsemilla, Weed |
|
| Marijuana
Cigarettes: Blunt, Doobie, Joint, Nail, Phillie |
|
| Description:
Marijuana is harvested from the flowering portion and leaves of the
hemp plant. It is typically either green or brown in color and
consists of shredded leaves, whole flowers (buds), stems, and/or seeds.
Marijuana is typically smoked in a pipe, water pipe (bong), or
rolled into a cigarette (joint). In recent years, marijuana has appeared in
blunts, which are cigars that have been emptied of tobacco and
refilled with marijuana. Some users also mix marijuana into foods,
such as brownies, or use it to brew tea. Typical marijuana contains over 400 known chemicals. THC (D9-Tetrahydrocannabinol)
is the primary active ingredient in Marijuana and is responsible for
producing the desired effects. |
|
| Excretion:
THC is converted into a number
of metabolites, primarily D9-THC-COOH (11-Nor-D9-Tetrahydrocannabinol-9-Carboxylic
Acid). This metabolite is the target compound for most types of
marijuana urine screen tests. In the 72-hour
urine, 2% of a dose is excreted as 11-hydroxy-THC (as a conjugate)
and trace amounts as unchanged THC. The remainder of the urinary
metabolites consist largely of conjugates of D9-THC-COOH and other
unidentified acidic compounds, which persist in the urine for
several weeks after a single dose. Urinary concentrations of
D9-THC-COOH as high as 2,705 ng/ml have been observed in frequent
users. Passive inhalation of marijuana smoke has resulted in urinary
D9-THC-COOH levels as high as 39 ng/ml as measured by a specific
assay. |
| Drug Class:
Antiemetic, Appetite
Stimulant, Cannabinoid, Hallucinogen |
|
| Street Names:
Hash |
|
| Description:
Hashish is marijuana that has been processed into a concentrated
"brick" form. As a result, it contains a higher
concentration of THC than unprocessed marijuana. Hashish is found in
many colors, ranging from gold to black. Hashish is typically smoked in a pipe or a water pipe,
often combined with marijuana. |
|
| Excretion:
See Marijuana above. |
| Drug Class:
Antiemetic, Appetite
Stimulant, Cannabinoid, Hallucinogen |
|
| Street Names:
Hash Oil |
|
| Description:
Hashish oil is marijuana that has been processed into a concentrated
liquid form. This form of marijuana contains the highest
concentration of THC. Hashish oil is typically dark brown to black
in color. It is usually smoked in a pipe or a water pipe,
often combined with marijuana. |
|
| Metabolism:
See Marijuana above. |
| Drug Class:
Antiemetic, Appetite
Stimulant, Cannabinoid |
|
| Trade Names:
Marinol |
|
| Description:
Dronabinol is synthetically produced THC which lacks the 400 chemicals and carcinogens associated with
marijuana. It is prescribed to AIDS patients
to stimulate the
appetite and to cancer patients to soothe nausea associated with
chemotherapy. Dronabinol is administered orally in capsule form. |
|
| Excretion:
THC contained in Dronabinol is processed by the
body in a fashion similar to that of THC in marijuana - with D9-THC-COOH
as its primary metabolite. See Marijuana above. |
| Baselt, Randall C.,
and Robert H. Cravey. Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in
Man. Chicago: Year Book Medical Publishers, Inc., 1989. |
|
| Drug Photos from
the IPRC Website. Indiana Prevention Resource Center.
07 Sept. 2001 <http://www.drugs.indiana.edu/prevention/iprcpics.html>. |
|
| Marinol® (dronabinol)
Capsules CIII - Brand Fact Sheet. Unimed Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
07 Sept. 2001 <http://www.marinol.com/PDF/FactSheet.pdf>. |
|
| NIDA Infofax
13551 - Marijuana. National Institute on Drug Abuse. 07 Sept.
2001 <http://www.nida.nih.gov/Infofax/marijuana.html>. |
|
| "(PRn) Roxane
Laboratories, Inc. Issues Prescribing Information." PR
Newswire 19 Feb. 1997. 07
Sept. 2001
<http://www.aegis.com/news/pr/1997/PR970233.html>. |
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